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L.1 · INTERMEDIATE · 2 MIN

Accrual vs Cash Accounting

There are two ways to record financial transactions. The choice determines how a company's financial reality is portrayed.

Quiz · 5 questions ↓
§ 01
Cash BasisAccrual Basis
Records revenueWhen cash is receivedWhen earned (goods delivered/services rendered)
Records expensesWhen cash is paidWhen incurred (matched to related revenue)
Used bySmall businesses, personal financeAll public companies (required by GAAP)
AdvantageSimple, shows actual cash positionMore accurate picture of economic reality
§ 02

Accrual accounting can show a profitable company that is running out of cash. That is why the cash flow statement exists as a cross-check.

§ 03
Look at any company's **Net Income** vs **Operating Cash Flow**. A big gap between them means accrual accounting and cash reality are telling different stories.
§ 04

Accrual accounting shows economic reality. Cash accounting shows survival. Investors need both views.

§ 05
A company records $100M of revenue from a 3-year contract when signed (upfront), but receives the cash over 36 months. Under GAAP, how much should appear as revenue in year 1?
Five questions · AI feedback

Sit with the ideas.

A software company signs a 2-year contract for $240,000, receiving the full payment upfront on January 1. Under accrual accounting, how much revenue should it recognize in Year 1?

Why:
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